In the lower Snake River basin, draining portions of Oregon, Washington, and Idaho, members of the Nez Perce Tribe, environmentalists, and support organizations are currently struggling to restore wild, naturally-reproducing salmon runs, after the United States Army Corps of Engineers and Idaho Power Company constructed eight large dams from 1955 to 1975. The Nez Perce are challenged by powerful regional and national elites who resist tribal efforts to gain approval for breaching the dams to allow natural fish migration. These pro-dam political and commercial elites command a network of institutional structures that they use to collectively shape public policies. The dams have had negative social, economic, and environmental impacts in the lower Snake River basin.